Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SSHL)

Understanding Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SSHL)

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL), often referred to as "sudden deafness," is a rapid loss of hearing that occurs within 72 hours. This condition affects the inner ear and the nerve pathways responsible for processing sound, leading to significant hearing impairment.

The degree of hearing loss in SSHL is at least 30 decibels, meaning everyday sounds can suddenly become muffled or nearly inaudible.

Each year, approximately 5,000 new cases of SSHL are diagnosed in the United States, though the actual number may be higher due to underreporting. SSHL can occur at any age but is most commonly seen in adults in their late 40s and early 50s. Symptoms may include ringing in the ears (tinnitus), dizziness, and a sudden decrease in hearing ability.

Causes and Diagnosis of SSHL

In many cases, the exact cause of SSHL remains unknown. However, several factors can contribute to its onset, including:

Viral or bacterial infections
Autoimmune disorders
Head trauma or injury
Vascular diseases affecting blood flow to the inner ear
Ototoxic medications
Neurological conditions affecting the auditory nerve

Diagnosing SSHL requires a thorough medical evaluation, including hearing tests and imaging studies, to rule out underlying conditions. Early diagnosis is critical, as prompt treatment increases the chances of partial or full recovery.

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) for SSHL

How HBOT Supports Hearing Recovery

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has emerged as a potential treatment for SSHL, particularly for cases where impaired blood flow to the inner ear is a contributing factor. HBOT involves breathing pure oxygen in a pressurized chamber, which significantly increases oxygen levels in the bloodstream. This process enhances circulation, reduces inflammation, and promotes tissue repair in the inner ear.

Clinical Evidence Supporting HBOT for SSHL

Several studies have indicated that HBOT can improve hearing outcomes when initiated soon after the onset of SSHL. The therapy is most effective within the first two weeks of hearing loss but may still provide benefits beyond this period in select cases. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved HBOT for treating SSHL, highlighting its potential in conjunction with standard medical treatments.

What to Expect During HBOT Treatment

HBOT for SSHL typically involves a series of 10 to 20 sessions, each lasting about 90 minutes. During treatment, the patient enters a hyperbaric chamber and breathes 100% oxygen under increased atmospheric pressure. This process enhances oxygen delivery to the affected tissues, supporting the body's natural healing mechanisms.

Seeking Treatment for SSHL

If you experience sudden hearing loss, immediate medical attention is crucial. Early intervention with corticosteroids, antivirals, and HBOT can significantly improve the chances of hearing recovery. Consult a healthcare provider to determine if HBOT is an appropriate treatment option for your condition.

Encompass Healthcare specializes in advanced wound care and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. If you or a loved one is experiencing SSHL and are exploring treatment options, contact us today to learn more about how HBOT can support your recovery